HT-1197 Cells

HT-1197 is a human urothelial carcinoma cell line established from a high-grade transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in an adult male patient. This line was derived from a recurrent tumor after multiple surgical resections and showed aggressive clinical behavior with widespread metastases prior to the patient’s death. Morphologically, HT-1197 cells exhibit epithelial features, including the presence of microvilli, tonofibrils, and desmosomes as observed under electron microscopy, indicating their urothelial epithelial origin. These cells are karyotypically distinct with identifiable marker chromosomes and demonstrate the ability to grow in soft agar, a hallmark of anchorage-independent growth, and are tumorigenic in both nude mice and immunosuppressed hamsters.

At the molecular level, HT-1197 harbors several key oncogenic mutations commonly associated with bladder cancer. It carries an activating S249C mutation in FGFR3 and an E545K mutation in PIK3CA, both of which are prevalent in the pathogenesis of urothelial bladder carcinoma. Additionally, HT-1197 has a Q61R mutation in NRAS and mutations in the TERT promoter region, suggesting enhanced proliferative capacity and telomerase activity. The TP53 status includes a c.1094A>G alteration, further implicating disruption of cell cycle control and genomic stability. Genomic profiling indicates that HT-1197 belongs to a subset of urothelial cancer cell lines marked by high genomic instability and molecular features consistent with the more aggressive, muscle-invasive subtype of bladder cancer.